The critics of Muhammad who cannot tolerate his Prophethood, deny the divine revelation to him, and ascribe the Qur’an to be a biblical copy. The histories of ancient societies and prophets referred in the Qur’an are said to be the supportive evidence. But so far no Christian writers could prove it with factual certifications. They attribute the names of Waraqa(1) and Bahira(2) in connection with this biblical knowledge. They are not hesitant to affirm boldly that Muhammad heard the stories from the Jew and Christian societies inhabited therein.
Bauben discusses the Issue: ‘often the argument has been that the Quranic views agree more with what the Jews and Christians would call no-canonical or apocryphal works. The conclusion has therefore almost always been that Muhammad merely heard these heretical stories from the societies and uncritically adopted them into his Qur’an’. Bauben extracts this Christian view from the writings of William Montgomery Watt.
In order to prove this claim, Christian writers must supply ample evidence as to whether the societies of Jews and Christians lived in Makkah at that time, and even if, did Muhammad repeatedly visit them. Bauben pointing their cites the Arabian peninsula of his day was said to be peopled by pagan Arabs and heretical Jews and Christians and Jcobities. ‘Nicholas of Cusa’ maintained that ‘Muhammad was nurtured by the Nestorian Christianity who was excommunicated by the parent church. As per this view the Problem between Islam and west is the by-product of this bond, based on the policy that the friend of enemy is enemy.
One cannot argue, the Qur’an is the copy Bible Exclusively for there are similar historical events in both. Really, God revealed all the books. Whenever the multitudes went astray from righteousness, God send Prophet, some of whom were given books as well. But all the previous once have been undergone for interpolations by the priests. Interpolation does not mean the total transcription, but little amendments. Everybody who read both the Bible and the Qur’an can realize that the similarity between both is mainly in historical events. If this alone demands it to be a copy, we ought to say the books written on world history, or Indian independence struggle are copies, because the illustration of Roman conquest, America’s discovery, first and second world wars etc and first independence war, Wagon tragedy (3), Jaliyan Walabag(4), Seopoy mutiny (5), Caliphate movement (6) etc. are referred in all these without remarkable differences. There are hundreds of Books in different languages, but nobody has, so far, argued it and won’t yet.
Likewise, had the Qur’an been the copy of the Bible, it must echo the latter whereas it contradicts of rather crosses it at many points. The Bible Illustrates the ancient Prophets to be lascivious, cruel, dishonest.. According to the Bible, Prophet Nooh drank wine and became naked due to the intoxication, Prophet Ibrahim presented his wife ‘Sarah’ for getting rewards, Prophet Loath had had sexual intercourse with two daughters, Prophet Yacob snatched Prophet Hood from Eshev, Prophet Ishaq lied too much, and Prophet Davood raped a soldier’s wife… But, read the Holy Qur’an in your right hand. Qur’an presents them to be pure, chaste, and saintly. They are the best models of moral life, never touched a prohibited body, never tasted intoxicants, never snatched anything.. Can an unbiased judge call this copying?
The Holy Qur’an, which is ascribed to be a dogmatic Xerox of Jewish, Christian belief, actually, crosses them in sharp words. The crucification of Christ is crucified in the following verses.
‘That they said (in boas) “we killed Christ Jesus the son of Mary, the messenger of Allah;- But they killed him not, nor crucified him. Only a likeness of that was shown to them. And those who differ therein are full of doubts, with no (certain) knowledge. But only conjecture to follow, for a surety they killed him not (Holy Qur’an 4:157).
Criticizing Christians in their having made Christ god, refusing his words Qur’an says: “Certainly they disbelieve who say: “Allah is Christ the son of Mary” But said Christ: “O Children of Islrael! Worship Allah, my lord and your lord. Whoever joins other gods with Allah. Allah will forbid him the garden, and the fire will be his abode. There will for the wrong-doers be no one to help” (Holy Qur’an 5:72).
Harshly hitting to the principle of trinity, nucleus of Christianity, Qur’an bursts out: “Surely, disbelievers are those who said: Allah is the third on the three (in a Trinity).” But there is no Ilah(god)(none who has the right to be worshipped) but One Ilah(God- Allah). And if they cease not from what they, verily, a painful torment will befall in the disbelievers among them (Holy Qur’an 5:73).
Both Jews and Christians say god has son. Gods, goddesses, and their sons and daughters are appreciable in Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, and in other Greek mythologies. But, how can sensible brain can- digest them in a fresh theology? Qur’an crosses this obnoxious belief.
Further, that he may warn those (who) say, “Allah has begotten a son”.
“No knowledge have of such a thing, nor had their fathers, it is a grievous thing that issues from their months as saying. What they say is nothing but false hood!” (Holy Qur’an 18:4, 5).
Patching the loopholes of ambiguities and misinterpretations, the Qur’an states: “The Jews call ‘Uzair a son of Allah, and the Christians call Christ the son of Allah. That is a saying from their mouth; (in this (they but imitate that the unbelievers of old used to say. Allah’s curse be on them, for they are deluded away from the truth’ (Holy Qur’an 9:30).
(The reward of giving chance to copy is cursing as did Caliban to Prospero for having taught language!)
The Holy Qur’an continues: “they take their priests and their anchorites to be their lords beside Allah. And (they take as their lord) Christ, the son of Mary; yet these were commanded to worship but one God; there is no God but he. Praise and glory to him: (far is he) from having partners they associate (with him) (Holy Qur’an 9:31)
Now it is sure that, the Qur’an is not the sharp Xerox copy of the testament!
The Qur’an presents the new born Christ speaking in the cradle, when his mother Mary was scandalized having illicit sexual intercourse. But now here we see in the Bible such an incident. In the Qur’an there are numerous things and fact apart from histories, but the other books merely narrate histories. It is clear that Qur’an is not a copy of them, at least, in those that are not histories.
Moreover, many verses of Qur’an are on the form of answers to the questions asked by his companions contextually. Had it been a narration of previously stored matters copied from bible. How would it have been occurred so? So, it is clear that, these are not copies.
In the Bible there are a lot of self – contradictory statements and numerous indications that are paradoxical to the abstract truths of proven science, the detailed discussion of which is beyond the scope this booklet. But, Qur’an Challenges the entire Christendom to find out two syllables that are contradictory each other, or even a usage that is contrary to modern science! It is clear that, these contradictory things in Bible are not copied, to the least.
All these allegations will have a ground if only the existence of Jewish and Christian societies is proved in that Arabia along with the fact that Muhammad chanced to visit them repeatedly. But historic events prove that there had not been such societies. The story of Waraqath bin Noufal Sheds light on it. Being detested of idolatry, he went in search of Ibrahimi traditions leaving Makkah proves that Christians were not there. Even the antagonistic enemy of Islam Richard bell(Richard bell, The origin of Islam in its Christian Environment, P. 42) and the catholic encyclopedia (The new Catholic Encyclopedia vol. pp. 721,2) refuse having any chance of their existence there.
(1) Waraqa bin Naufal : Waraqa bin Naufal bin Asad bin 'Abdul 'Uzza bin Qusai. Cousin of Khadija, Muhammad's first wife.
(2) Bahira : A Nestorian Christian monk who foretold to the adolescent Muhammad his future prophetic career.
(3) The Wagon tragedy was the death of a large number of prisoners on 10 November 1921 in the Malabar region of Kerala state of India. The prisoners had been taken into custody following the Mappila rebellion against British Colonial rule and their deaths through apparent negligence discredited the British Raj and generated sympathy for the Indian independence movement.
After a series of events that culminated in violent clashes between police and protesters, Martial law was introduced and the rebellion mostly crushed. The British packed 70 prisoners into a railway goods wagon at Tirur railway station to be sent to the Coimbatore jails. By the time they reached their destination 61 of the prisoners had died from suffocation. A monument to this notorious tragedy can be now seen at Tirur.
Initially inspired by Mahatma Gandhi and the national leaders of India, the Khilaphat movement later turned in to a religious rebellion against Hindus and there was a widespread and violent uprising against the British colonial rule of India in which hundreds of Hindus got killed and thousands forcefully converted to Islam. After a series of events that culminated in violent clashes between police and protesters, Martial law was introduced and the rebellion mostly crushed. The British packed 70 prisoners into a railway goods wagon at Tirur railway station to be sent to the Coimbatore jails. By the time they reached their destination 61 of the prisoners had died from suffocation. A monument to this notorious tragedy can be now seen at Tirur.
(4) The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre alternatively known as the Amritsar Massacre was named after the Jallianwala Bagh (Garden) in the northern Indian city of Amritsar where, on April 13, 1919, 90 British Indian Army soldiers under the command of Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer opened fire on an unarmed gathering of men, women and children. The firing lasted for 10 to 15 minutes, until the soldiers ran out of ammunition. Official British Raj sources placed the fatalities at 379, and with 1100 wounded. Civil Surgeon Dr. Smith indicated that there were 1,526 casualties.
(5) The Sepoy Mutiny : The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India Company's army on 10 May, 1857, in the town of Meerut, and soon erupted into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh, and the Delhi region. The rebellion posed a considerable threat to Company power in that region, and it was contained only with the fall of Gwalior on 20 June 1858. The rebellion is also known as India's First War of Independence, the Great Rebellion, the Indian Mutiny, the Revolt of 1857, the Uprising of 1857 and the Sepoy Mutiny.
(6) Caliphate movement: A movement took place in 1920s to defend the Ottoman Caliphate, spread throughout the British colonial territories in what is now Pakistan.
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